دور العصبية في أحداث الفتنة بقرطبة خلال القرن 5ه-11م
مقدمة، 1. مفهوم العصبية،لغة، اصطلاحا،حدوث العصبية ودرجاتها، 2. بداية الفتنة القرطبية.العناصر المساهمة فيها ، الصقالبة، العرب ، مظاهر العصبية العربية، تجلي العصبية العربية،البربر، أ- مظاهر العصبية البربرية،ب- ثورة الحمودين، ج-قيام بني زيري، 3. موقف المؤرخين المعاصرين لاحداثها، ابن حيان القرطبي ، أ- موقفه من البربر، ب- موقفه من العرب
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53840/alirsyad.v8i1.370الكلمات المفتاحية:
Andalusia، Tribal Fanaticism، Berbers، Arabs، Ṣaqālibahالملخص
شهدت الأندلس خلال القرن الخامس الهجري الحادي عشر الميلادي، أحداثا تاريخية أطلق عليها المؤرخون "الفتنة القرطبية"، و التي كان لها الأثر على مختلف الأصعدة السياسية و الاجتماعية خاصة بعد نهاية حكم العامريين سنة 399ه - 1009م، حيث دخلت الأندلس خلال هذه الفترة في صراعات مستمرة بين مختلف طبقات المجتمع، و إزداد هذا الصراع بشكل خطير في تهديد الإسلام و المسلمين، حيث نتج عنه تشكل جديد لخارطة بلاد الأندلس بين مختلف العناصر الفاعلة و انزواء مختلف اطياف المجتمع بمناطقهم بسبب الظروف السياسية التي أجبرتهم على ذلك ، و ظهرت بهذه السياسة و قائع و حروب بين مختلف هذه الطوائف العرقية، أدت إلى تكريس حالة اللأمن و اللإستقرار في الأرواح و الممتلكات لمختلف المجموعات السكانية فارتسم صراع عرقي بين الطوائف الأندلسية و البربرية و الصقلبية، تغذيه روح الإنتماء القبلي و التي أصبحت العامل الرئيسي في تحريك أحداث الفتنة و القائمة على تحديد العلاقة بين شرائح المجتمع الأندلسي في إطار عرقي قبلي.
التنزيلات
المراجع
‘Abd al-‘Azīz, S. (2000). Qurṭubah hādirat al-khilāfah fī al-Andalūs. Vol. 1. Alexandria, Egypt: Mu’assasat Shabāb al-Jām‘iah.
al-‘Abādī, M. (2000). Fī Tārikh al-Maghrib wa al-Andalus. Beirut, Lebanon: Dār al-Nahdah al-‘Arabiyyah.
al-Dārājī, B. (1997). Dūal al-Khawārij wa al-Alawiyyin fi bilād al-Maghrib wa al-Andalus. Beirut, Lebanon: Dār Al-Kitab al-‘Arabī.
al-Dārājī, B. (2013). Malāmiḥ tārikhiyyat li al-mujtama‘at al-Maghribiyyah. Algeria: Mu’assasat Bouziān li al-Nashr.
al-Dāyah, M. (2013). Ibn Ḥazm al-Qurṭubī. Damascus, Syria: al-Hai’ah al-Sūriyyah al-‘Āmmah li al-Kitāb.
al-Fayrūz, A. (2008). al-Qāmūs al-Mūhiṭ. Cairo, Egypt: Dār al-Hadith.
al-Ḥājī, A. R. (2006). al-Tārikh al-Andalusī min al-fatḥ ilā ghāyat suqūt Gharnātah. Damascus, Syria: Dār al-Qalam.
al-Ḥamd, M. (1985). Ibn Ḥazam wa mawāqifuh min al-ilāhiyyat. Mecca, KSA: Markaz al-Bahth al-‘Ilm wa Iḥyā’ al-Turāth.
al-Ḥumaidī, M. (1966). Jadhwat al-mūqtabis fi dhikr wulāt al-Andalus. Cairo, Egypt: Dār al-Miṣriyyat li al-Ta’lif wa al-Tarjamah.
al-Jābirī, M. (1992). Fikr Ibn Khaldūn “Al-Asabiyyah wa al-Daulah”. Beirut, Lebanon: Markaz Dirāsat al-Wiḥdah al-‘Arabiyyah.
al-Jārim, A. B. (1944). Qiṣṣat al-‘Arab fi Isbāniyā. Cairo, Egypt: al-Maṭba‘ah al-Ma‘rifah.
al-Marākishī, A. W. (1881). Al-Mu’jab fi talkhīs akhbār al-Maghrib. Leiden, Netherlands: Brill Press.
al-Muqrī, A. (1988). Nafh al-ṭayyib min ghusn al-andalus al-ratīb. Vol. 1. Beirut, Lebanon: Dār al-Ṣadr.
Awātif, S. (2001). Fitnat al-sulṭah, al-sirā’ wa dawrih fī nash'āt ba’d ghūlāt al-firaq al-islāmiyyah min al-qarn al-awwal ḥattā al-qarn al-rābi‘ al-hijr. Beirut, Lebanon: Dār al-Kitāb al-Jadīd.
Bālnathyā, A. (1955). Tārikh al-fikr al-Andalusī. Cairo, Egypt: al-Maktabah al-Dīniyyah al-Thaqafiyyah.
Bukhārī, O. (2012). Al-'Imarat al-Barbarīat janūb al-Andalus khilāl al-qarn al-khāmis al-hijr al-hādi ‘asr al-milādī. Algeria: Dār al-Thaqāfa.
Būtshīsh, Q. (1997). Mabāḥith fī al-tārikh al-ijtimā‘ī li al-Maghrib wa al-Andalus khilāl al-‘aṣr al-murābitīn. Beirut, Lebanon: Dār al-Nahdah.
Dahmānī, S. (2006). Al-Alāqah al-Siyāsiyyah bayn al-Tāifatain al-Andalusiyyah Wa al-Barbarībah fi Janūb al-Andalus fi Asr Mulk al-Tawāif al-Qarn 5H/11M. Alexandria, Egypt: Mu’assasat Shabāb al-Jām‘iah.
Dūberān, H. (1994). Al-Mujtama‘ al-Andalusī fi al-‘aṣr al-Umawī. Cairo, Egypt: Maṭba’at al-Ḥusayn al-Islāmiyyah.
Dūzī, R. (1955). Al-Muslimūn fī al-Andalus. Vol 3. Cairo, Egypt: al-Hai’ah al-Miṣriyyah al-‘Āmmah.
Habib, S., & Boukhri, O. (2021). The political and reformist endeavours of Imam Abū al-Walīd al-Bājī. Al-Irsyad: Journal of Islamic and Contemporary Issues, 6(1), 537-548. https://doi.org/10.53840/alirsyad.v6i1.172.
Ḥamdī, M. (1990). Dirāsāt fī Tārikh al-Andalus "Dawlat Banī Barzāl fī Qarmūnat" 404_ 459H / 1013_1067M. Alexandria, Egypt: Mu’assasat Shabāb al-Jāmi‘ah.
Haqī, M. (2001). Al-Barbar fī al-Andalus. al-Dār al-Baiḍā’, KSA: al-Maktabah al-Tārikhiyyah.
Hūmat, A. (1988). Mihnat al-‘Arab fi al-Andalus. Beirut, Lebanon: al-Mu’assasah al-‘Arabiyyah li al-Dirāsat wa al-Nashr.
Ibn ‘Abūdat, M. (1987). Jawānib min wāqi‘ al-tārikh al-andalusī khilāl al-qarn 5H/11M. Morocco: al-Ma‘had al-Jāmi’i al-Maghribī li al-Baḥth al-‘Ilmī.
Ibn ‘Adhārī, M. (1988). Al-Bayān al-maghrib fī akhbār al-Andalus wa al-Maghrib. Vol. 3. Beirut, Lebanon: Dār al-Thaqāfa.
Ibn al-Khaṭīb, M. (1956). A‘mal al-a‘lam fī man buya‘a qabl al-iihtilām min mulūk al-Islām. Beirut, Lebanon: Dār al-Makshūf.
Ibn al-Khaṭīb, M. (1974) al-Iḥāṭah fi akhbār Gharnātah. Vol. 1. Cairo, Egypt: Maktabat al-Khānjī.
Ibn Bassām, S. (1997). Al-Dhākirah fī maḥāsin ahl al-jazīrah. Vol. 2. Beirut, Lebanon: Dār al-Thaqāfa.
Ibn Bilkīn, A. (1955). Al-Bayān. Cairo, Egypt: Dār al-Ma‘rifah.
Ibn Ḥayyān, K. (1994). Al-Muqtabas min anbā' ahl al-Andalus. Cairo, Egypt: al-Majlis al-A’lā li- al-Shu’ūn al-Islāmiyyah.
Ibn Ḥazm, A. (1987). Rasā’il Ibn Ḥazm al-Andalusī. Vol. 1. Beirut, Lebanon: al-Mu’assasah al-‘Arabiyyah li al-Dirāsat wa al-Nashr wa-al-Tauzī’.
Ibn Ḥazm, A. (1988). Al-Durrah fī mā yajib i‘tiqāduh. Mecca, KSA: al-Maktabah al-Tārikhiyyah.
Ibn Ḥazm, A. (2004). Al-Uṣūl wa al-Furū‘. Algeria: Maktabat al-Thaqāfah al-‘Arabiyyah.
Ibn Khaldūn, M. (2009). Diwān al-mubtada’ wa al-khabar fī tārikh al-‘arab wa al-barbar wa man asārahum min dhawi al-sulṭān al-akbar. Riyadh, KSA: Dar al-Afkar al-Alamiyyah.
Ibn Manẓūr, M. (1955). Lisān al-‘Arab. Vol. 1. Beirut, Lebanon: Dār Sādir.
Ibn Sa‘ad, A. (2009). Al-Mahgrib fi hawlā al-Maghrib. Vol. 2. Cairo, Egypt: Dār al-Ma‘rifah.
Majhūl, M. (1983). Dhikr Bilād al-Andalus. Madrid, Spain: al-Majlis al-A‘lā li al-Buḥūth.
Mus‘ad, M. (2000). Al-Alāqat bayn al-Maghrib wa al-Andalus fi ‘aṣr al-khilāfah al-umawiyyah. Cairo, Egypt: ‘Ain al-Dirāsat wa al-Buḥūth al-Insāniyyah wa al-Ijtimā‘iyyah.
Turhīnī, M. (2008). Al-Mu’arrikhūn wa al-tārikh ‘ind al-‘Arab. Beirut, Lebanon: Dār al-Kutub al- Ilmiyyah.
Yāfūt, S. (1988). Ibn Hazm wa al-fikr al-falsafī bi al-Maghrib wa al-Andalus. Morocco: al-Markaz al-Thaqāfi al-‘Arabī.
Zīdān, A. M., Muhammad, A. R., & Ibrahim, A., O. (1996). Al-Andalus qurūn min al-taqalubāt wa al-ata'at. Mecca, KSA: Iṣdārāt Maktabat al-Malik ‘Abd al-‘Azīz al-‘Āmmah.
التنزيلات
منشور
إصدار
القسم
الرخصة
الحقوق الفكرية (c) 2023 Sebbane Habib, Mohd Norzi Nasir
هذا العمل مرخص بموجب Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
License and Copyright Agreement
In submitting the manuscript to the journal, the authors certify that:
- They are authorized by their co-authors to enter into these arrangements.
- The work described has not been formally published before, except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture, review, thesis, or overlay journal.
- That it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere,
- That its publication has been approved by all the author(s) and by the responsible authorities – tacitly or explicitly – of the institutes where the work has been carried out.
- They secure the right to reproduce any material that has already been published or copyrighted elsewhere.
- They agree to the following license and copyright agreement.
Copyright
Authors who publish with al-Irsyad: Journal of Islamic and Contemporary Issues agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY-NC 4.0) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
Licensing for Data Publication
al-Irsyad: Journal of Islamic and Contemporary Issues use a variety of waivers and licenses that are specifically designed for and appropriate for the treatment of data:
- Open Data Commons Attribution License, http://www.opendatacommons.org/licenses/by/1.0/(default)
- Creative Commons CC-Zero Waiver, http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
- Open Data Commons Public Domain Dedication and License, http://www.opendatacommons.org/licenses/pddl/1-0/
Other data publishing licenses may be allowed as exceptions (subject to approval by the editor on a case-by-case basis) and should be justified with a written statement from the author, which will be published with the article.
Open Data and Software Publishing and Sharing
The journal strives to maximize the replicability of the research published in it. Authors are thus required to share all data, code, or protocols underlying the research reported in their articles. Exceptions are permitted but have to be justified in a written public statement accompanying the article.
Datasets and software should be deposited and permanently archived in appropriate, trusted, general, or domain-specific repositories (please consult http://service.re3data.org and/or software repositories such as GitHub, GitLab, Bioinformatics.org, or equivalent). The associated persistent identifiers (e.g. DOI, or others) of the dataset(s) must be included in the data or software resources section of the article. Reference(s) to datasets and software should also be included in the reference list of the article with DOIs (where available). Where no domain-specific data repository exists, authors should deposit their datasets in a general repository such as ZENODO, Dryad, Dataverse, or others.
Small data may also be published as data files or packages supplementary to a research article, however, the authors should prefer in all cases a deposition in data repositories.
كيفية الاقتباس
